[대학원 생명과학과 세미나 안내]
연사 : 이원재 교수(서울대학교 생명과학부)
연제 : Gut microbiome in animal health and diseases
일시 : 2016년 12월 16일 (금) 오후 4시
장소 : 하나과학관 A동 109호
초청교수 : 김태성 교수
Abstract
All metazoan guts have evolved to form a strategic alliance with indigenous microbiota. This evolutionarily-conserved mutualistic phenomenon has long-believed to be achieved by fine-tuned molecular interactions between the host and its microbiota. A corollary to the necessity of a commensal microbiota for host physiological homeostasis is that failure to achieve balanced host-microbe interactions may result in pathophysiological consequences for the host. In fact, it has been observed that altered community structure of gut microbiota is likely to be associated with metabolic and/or inflammatory diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases. However, the lack of understanding of critical genes in the microbiome and host genomes makes it difficult to explain the exact mechanism by which the gut microbiota impacts host health. The research on this issue has been hampered mainly by technical difficulties associated with in-depth integrated genetic analysis of both the microbes and host. To overcome these limitations, we have developed the combination of Drosophila and its commensal microbiota as a genetic model of host-microbe interaction which enabled us to perform a simultaneous genetic analysis of both host and microbe in an in vivo interacting condition. Using this Drosophila-microbiota in vivo interacting model system, we could identify commensal microbiomes involved in host development as well as bacterial microbiome involved in gut inflammation. The straightforward simplicity of Drosophila-microbiota model system will provide a novel insight into the underlying mechanistic events to advance our knowledge in more complex vertebrate models, which will hopefully elucidate the unexpected roles of the microbiome in animal health and diseases.